Documents • Iowa State University • Avian Archives of Iowa Online

Title	Genres	Topics	Date (Start)	Date (End)	Type	Description	Creator/Author	Birds	Locations	Locality	Habitat	Remarks

Records Committee review for rare bird sighting for Rock Wren near C Street Roller Dam in Cedar Rapids, 1986	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1986-10-30	1993-09-07	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review for a Rock Wren near C Street Roller Dam in Cedar Rapids in Linn County, IA on October 30, 1986. Includes a record review document with votes, an article in Iowa Bird Life, a summary of the review, and a documentation form submitted to the committee.	Fye, Dale Fye, Helen	Rock Wren	C Street Roller Dam	Southeast Cedar Rapids, Near Roller Dam, near Rocky Rail Road right of way with some dried weeds and short brush		The documentation form by Dale and Helen Fye is the only one submitted and forms the basis of this record. \| Elimination of similar species: Carolina Wren is browner and has a sharper eyeline. House wren is smaller. Bewicks has unstreaked breast and specific tail movement, + is predominately brown, also has a more distinct eyeline. Canyon has unstreaked breast and dark belly \| The original documentation form event lasted from 17:00:00/17:15:00.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	13	1
Record Book of the Iowa Ornithologists' Association	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Correspondence	Ornithology--Societies, etc Meetings Societies--History, organization, etc	1894-06-15	1898-01-16	Manuscript, graphic, and printed material	Record book for the Iowa Ornithological Association. The book covers the period from the group's founding as the Iowa Ornithologist's Association on June 15, 1894 to January 16, 1898. The record book includes meeting minutes, copies of the organization's constitution, financial reports, officer and membership lists, and letters regarding the Iowa Ornithological Association.	Iowa Ornithological Association		Iowa City Iowa Mount Vernon Salem Manchester				Iowa Ornithological Association Records \| MS 581	1	1
Constitution of the Ames Audubon Society	Administrative records	Ornithology--Societies, etc Societies--History, organization, etc	1970-05-22	N/A	Manuscript, graphic, and printed material	The constitution of the Ames Audubon Society, including 13 articles with administrative information for the society. The constitution with the final amendments and additions passed on May 22, 1970.	Ames Audubon Society		Ames				Big Bluestem Audubon Society \| MS 592	1	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting for Ferruginous Hawk at Lucas County in 1977	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes Surveys (documents)	Birds--Counting Birds--Identification Ornithology--Societies, etc Ornithology--Technique Rare birds	1976-12-02	1994-02-03	Manuscript, graphic, and printed material	Records Committee review for two Ferruginous Hawks at Lucas County, IA during the Winter of 1977. Includes a record review document with votes, the original sighting record found in the publication Winter Raptor Survey - 1977 by Dean Roosa and Paul Bartelt, and referenced by another publication.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union Records Committee	Ferruginous Hawk	Lucas County				Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	9	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting for Ferruginous Hawk at Bremer County in 1974	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes	Birds--Counting Birds--Identification Ornithology--Societies, etc Rare birds	1975-03-01	1994-02-03	Manuscript, graphic, and printed material	Records Committee review for a Ferruginous Hawk at Bremer County in December 28, 1974. Includes a record review document with votes, the original sighting record found in the publication Christmas bird census in Iowa Bird Life 45:3-11 by R.D. Crawford, and referenced by another publication.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union Records Committee	Ferruginous Hawk	Bremer County				Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	9	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting for Ferruginous Hawk at Ames in 1972	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes	Birds--Counting Birds--Identification Ornithology--Societies, etc Ornithology--Technique Rare birds	1972-12-17	1994-02-03	Manuscript, graphic, and printed material	Records Committee review for a Ferruginous Hawk at Ames in Story County, IA on December 17, 1972. Includes a record review document with votes, the original sighting record found in the publication Christmas bird census in Iowa Bird Life 43:3-11 by J.P. Rod seen by Dr. Barnett C. Cook, and referenced by another publication.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union Records Committee	Ferruginous Hawk	Ames				Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	9	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting for Ferruginous Hawk at Shenandoah in 1970	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes	Birds--Identification Ornithology--Societies, etc Rare birds	1971-03-01	1994-02-03	Manuscript, graphic, and printed material	Records Committee review for a Ferruginous Hawk at Shenandoah in Page County, IA on December 26, 1970. Includes a record review document with votes, the original sighting record found in the publication Christmas count in Iowa Bird Life 41:3-15 by John Faaborg seen by Betty Walters, and referenced by another publication.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union Records Committee	Ferruginous Hawk	Shenandoah				Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	9	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting for Ferruginous Hawk at Maxfield Township in Bremer County in 1966	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes Tables (documents)	Birds--Identification Ornithology--Societies, etc Rare birds	1967-03-01	1994-02-03	Manuscript, graphic, and printed material	Records Committee review for a Ferruginous Hawk at Maxfield Township in Bremer County, IA on December 26, 1966. Includes a record review document with votes, the original sighting record found in the publication Christmas Bird Count in Iowa Bird Life 37:9 seen by Myrle M. Burk, Antoinette Camarata, Harriett Fairbanks, Ruth Halliday, Russell Hays, Charles Moon, John Osness, and Nick Osness, and referenced by another publication.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union Records Committee	Ferruginous Hawk	Maxfield Township				Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	9	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting for Yellow Grosbeak near Elkhart, 1990	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Correspondence Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1990-12-02	1993-07-17	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review for a Yellow Grosbeak south of Elkhart in Polk County, IA on December 2, 1990. Includes a record review document with votes, a letter from Stephen Bailey to Tim Schantz, two notes from Tim Schantz to the Iowa Records Committee, e-mails between Jim Fuller, Paula Saba, John Saba, Chuck Williamson, and Paul DeBenedictis, an article in Bird Watcher's Digest, an article in Des Moines Register, a letter from Gary Rosenberg to Carl Bendorf, a letter from Kenn Kaufman to Carl Bendorf, a letter from Leo Galloway, Dave Eastrela, and Jack Hilsobeck to Dean Mosman, and nine documentation forms submitted to the committee.	Fuller, James L	Yellow Grosbeak	Elkhart	Backyard of Dean and Diane Mosman; Two and half miles southeast of Elkhart (Polk County Iowa)	Backyard and adjacent wooded ravine	The documentation form by Jim Fuller forms the basis of this record. Other documentation forms were submitted by Tim Schantz, Ken Lowder, Ann Johnson, Thomas Kent, Robert Cecil, Ross Silcock, Diane Porter, and Carl Bendorf. Other observers include Dick Tetrault, Jim Scheib, Dean Mosman, Eloise Armstrong, Eugene Armstrong, Diane Mosman, Tom Schantz, Cecile Thompson, Dennis Thompson, and John Daniel. \| Elimination of similar species: Pine grosbeak is not lemon yellow in any plumage, and has a smaller bill with hooked upper mandible. Evening grosbeak has black wings and tail and light colored bill in all plumages. \| The original documentation form event lasted from 10:30:00/11:20:00.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	14	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting for Rock Wren near Indianola, 1993	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes Photographs	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1993-04-25	1999-10-15	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review for a Rock Wren near Indianola in Warren County, IA on April 25, 1993. Includes a record review document with votes, two photographs, an article in Iowa Bird Life, an American Birds article, and a documentation form submitted to the committee.	Johnson, Ann	Rock Wren	Indianola	Home of David Youngblut, 957 Fillmore, Indianola, Warren Co., IA	Residential acreage with flower beds constructed of railroad ties	The documentation form by Ann Johnson is the only one submitted and forms the basis of this record. Other observers include David Youngblut. \| Elimination of similar species: This bird was larger and grayer than the usual Iowa wrens. The western sub-species of Bewick's Wren is gray but is also much smaller with a strong superciliary. Canyon Wren would be browner with white, unstreaked throat and breast. \| The original documentation form event lasted from 08:30:00/09:00:00.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	13	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting for Rock Wren at Red Oak, 1991	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1991-09-17	1993-07-17	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review for two Rock Wrens at Red Oak in Montgomery County, IA on September 17, 1991. Includes a record review document with votes, an article in Iowa Bird Life, and a documentation form submitted to the committee.	Carlisle, David	Rock Wren	Red Oak	[...] my house in Red Oak, IA		The documentation form by Dave Carlisle is the only one submitted and forms the basis of this record. \| Elimination of similar species: [...] In my attempts to identify the birds, my first observations led me to believe they both were wrens; however, they were larger than the common house wren and lacked the definite light eye ring. [...] I took notice that the bird in hand lacked the definite eye stripe characteristic of the Bewick's, Carolina, and Marsh wrens. There were no white stripes on the back as in the Marsh Wren and it did not have the white outer tail feathers characteristic of Bewick's Wren. \| The original documentation form event occurred lasted from approximately 07:50:00/08:00:00.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	13	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting for Rock Wren at Cherry Glen Recreation Area at Saylorville Reservoir, 1988	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1988-11-08	1993-08-04	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review for a Rock Wren at Cherry Glen Recreation Area at Saylorville Reservoir in Polk County, IA on November 8, 1988. Includes a record review document with votes, an article in Iowa Bird Life, and seven documentation forms submitted to the committee.	Dinsmore, Stephen J.	Rock Wren	Cherry Glen Recreation Area	Saylorville Reservoir, Polk Co.-Cherry Glen Rec. Area	hopping around in rock rip-rap along lakeshore	The documentation form by Steve Dinsmore forms the basis of this record. Other documentation forms by Michael and Diane Porter, Ray Cummins, Robert Cecil, Jim Fuller, Ann Johnson, and Mark Proescholdt were submitted. Other observers include Thomas Kent, John Cecil, Tom Johnson, Beth Proescholdt, Francis Moore, Beth Brown, Cal or Bernie Knight, Eugene Armstrong, Eloise Armstrong, and many unidentified other observers. \| Elimination of similar species: The size, behavior, gray upperparts and buffy tail, light eyeline, and call eliminate other wrens. \| The original documentation form event lasted from 15:08:00/15:20:00 on November 8, 1988.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	13	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting for Rock Wren at Saylorville Dam, 1986	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1986-11-22	1993-09-07	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review for a Rock Wren at Saylorville Dam in Polk County, IA on November 22, 1986. Includes a record review document with votes, an article in Iowa Bird Life, a summary of the review, and nine documentation forms submitted to the committee.	Padelford, Babs Padelford, Loren	Rock Wren	Saylorville Dam	Saylorville Reservoir, Polk Co. East parking area on dam.	Rocky south wall of the dam.	The documentation form by Babs and Loren Padelford forms the basis of this record. Other documentation forms by Steve Dinsmore, Peter C. Petersen, Jim Dinsmore, Robert K. Myers, Paul Martsching, Francis L. Moore, and Mark Proescholdt were submitted. Other observers include Tim Schantz, Pat Kelly, Jane Fuller, Tom Stone, Bery Engebretsen, Chuck Fuller, B.J. Rose, Pete Wickham, Mark Brogie, Brian Blevins, Corey Blevins, Mary Lou Petersen, Eugene Armstrong, Eloise Armstrong, and many unidentified other observers. \| Elimination of similar species: [...] Tail in proportion to body was shorter than that of water pipit, and longer than a house wren. \| The original documentation form event lasted from 13:20:00/13:25:00.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	13	1
Rare bird records reviewed by the records committee of the Iowa Ornithologists' Union	Administrative records	Birds--Identification Birds--Research Ornithology--Methodology Ornithology--Societies, etc Rare birds	2002-06-16	N/A	Manuscript, graphic, and printed material	The document includes a history of the committee and explains the process of peer review to determine an accepted rare bird sighting in Iowa.	Kent, Thomas H. (Thomas Hugh), 1934- Iowa Ornithologists' Union		Iowa				Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	7	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting for Rock Wren north of Stone State Park, 1984	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1984-05-21	1993-09-01	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review for a Rock Wren north of Stone State Park in Woodbury County, IA on May 21, 1984. Includes a record review document with votes, an article in Iowa Bird Life, an article in American Birds, and two documentation forms submitted to the committee.	Kent, Thomas H. (Thomas Hugh), 1934-	Rock Wren	Stone State Park	0.6 mi. n. of NE entrance to Stone P. Woodbury Co., Iowa	Road cut in loess hill.	The documentation form by Thomas H. Kent forms the basis of this record. Another documentation form by W. Ross Silcock was submitted. \| Elimination of similar species: Size, uncocked tail, slight eye-line, bobbing, and note eliminate other wrens. \| The original documentation form event lasted from 08:55:00/09:00:00.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	13	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting of Roseate Tern at Lock and Dam 16 at Muscatine, 1980	Administrative records Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1980-05-03	1993-08-16	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review for a Roseate Tern at Lock and Dam 16 at Muscatine in Muscatine County, IA on May 3, 1980. Includes a record review document with votes and a documentation form submitted to the committee.	Shires, Thomas K.	Roseate Tern	Lock and Dam 16	Mississippi River at Muscatine Iowa	General: Mississippi River Specific: Waters below Lock and Dam at Muscatine	The documentation form by T.K. Shires is the only one submitted and forms the basis of this record. Other observers include Carl Bendorf, Tom Kent, and Tom Staudt. \| Elimination of similar species: [...] 2. Features most apparent in comparison with nearby Common and Forster's terns: Much longer tail, lighter overall mantle, more or less uniform light gray over back and superior wing surfaces. \| The original documentation form event lasted from approximately 10:00:00/10:15:00.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	12	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting of Ferruginous Hawk at Rathbun Reservoir, 1986	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1986-02-01	1993-09-07	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review of a Ferruginous Hawk at Rathbun Reservoir in Appanoose County, IA on February 1, 1986. Includes a record review document with votes, an article in Iowa Bird Life, a summary of the review, and a documentation form submitted to the committee.	Heusinkveld, Bill	Ferruginous Hawk	Rolling Cove Park	Rolling Cove Area, Rathbun Lake, Appanoose County	Perched in Large Tree in Grove next to Lake Rathbun	The documentation form by Bill Heusinkveld is the only one submitted and forms the basis of this record. Other observers include Marjorie Heusinkveld \| Elimination of similar species: Red tail eliminated by complete lack of belly band, no red tail. \| The original documentation form event lasted from 09:04:00/09:15:00.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	9	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting of Ferruginous Hawk in Story County, 1985	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Correspondence Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1985-09-29	1993-09-03	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review of a Ferruginous Hawk at Tiegs Marsh in Story County, IA on September 29, 1985. Includes a record review document with votes, correspondence about bird sightings, an article in Iowa Bird Life, and two documentation forms submitted to the committee.	Dinsmore, Stephen J.	Ferruginous Hawk	Story County	Tiegs Marsh, Story County	in open cropland near a small marsh	The documentation form by Steve Dinsmore is the earliest and the one that forms the basis of this record. Other documentation forms by Fred J. Alsop were submitted later. Other observers include Dr. George Brown and Paul Martsching. \| Elimination of similar species: Red-tailed hawk eliminated by lack of dark bar on leading edge of underwing, position of white wing patches, white tail with rusty tip, lack of belly band, and rust color on back and wings. Rough-legged hawk eliminated by lack of wrist marks, rust color on back and wings, all white legs, unbanded tail and lack of belly band. \| The original documentation form event lasted from 09:30:00/09:35:00 and 10:10:00 to 10:15:00 estimated.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	9	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting of Ferruginous Hawk in Cherokee County, 1985	Administrative records Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1985-03-28	1993-09-03	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review of a Ferruginous Hawk in Cherokee County, IA on March 28, 1985. Includes a record review document with votes, a summary of the review, and a documentation form submitted to the committee.	Brewer, Marion M.	Ferruginous Hawk	Cherokee County	Hwy 7 & M 31	Bean ground with some water ways (grass)	The documentation form by Marion M. Brewer is the only one submitted and forms the basis of this record. \| Elimination of similar species: Redtailed hawk, no horizontal streaking onthe [sic] belly and the rufous colored legs. \| The original documentation form event lasted from 16:40:00/16:45:00.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	9	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting of Ferruginous Hawk at Otter Creek Marsh, 1984	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1984-12-23	1993-09-01	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review of a Ferruginous Hawk at Otter Creek Marsh in Tama County, IA on December 23, 1984. Includes a record review document with votes, an article from Iowa Bird Life, and a documentation form submitted to the committee.	Kent, Thomas H. (Thomas Hugh), 1934-	Ferruginous Hawk	Otter Creek Marsh State Wildlife Refuge	Otter Creek M., Tama Co., Iowa	large, wide riverbottom marsh with scattered woods.	The documentation form by Thomas H. Kent is the only one submitted and forms the basis of this record. \| Elimination of similar species: According to Eckert, the upper wing patches are diagnostic if the location is right. He gives the following example as an acceptable documentation: 'On the upper surface of each wing there was a rectangular or oval white patch on the flight feathers. This patch was on the inner primaries, and perhaps faded a bit into the secondaries and outer primaries.' This description fits the bird I saw. Eckert gives two other diagnostic marks that I did not see (feathered legs, rufous back and shoulders), but only one of these three marks is needed. The white tail is not diagnostic, but coupled with the light underparts and generally dark upper wing surface, tends to exclude Krider's and Harlan's Hawks which would have light upper wings and dark underparts, respectively. An ordinary Red-tailed Hawk would not ordinarily have an all white-tail nor such prominent upper wing patches. The raised wings in flight in the absence of wind favor Ferruginous Hawk over Red-tailed and Rough-legged Hawks. Rough-legged Hawk is excluded by the lack of prominent black and white pattern to body, wing and tail. \| The original documentation form event lasted from 14:45:00/14:57:00.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	9	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting of Ferruginous Hawk west of Liscomb, 1984	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1984-09-22	1993-09-01	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review of a Ferruginous Hawk west of Liscomb in Marshall County, IA on September 22, 1984. Includes a record review document with votes, two articles in Iowa Bird Life, notes about Ferruginous Hawk sightings in Iowa, and two documentation forms submitted to the committee.	Proescholdt, Mark	Ferruginous Hawk	Liscomb	Just west of Liscomb - (Marshall County)	Open country over cultivated farm fields - Iowa River 1/2 mile away	The documentation form by Mark Proescholdt forms the basis of this record. Another documentation form was submitted by Beth Proescholdt. \| Elimination of similar species: Red-tailed hawks do not have definite light wing patches or "windows" on the inner primaries. \| The original documentation form event lasted from 09:30:00/09:32:00.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	9	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting of Ferruginous Hawk east of Laurens, 1984	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1984-10-25	1993-09-01	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review of a Ferruginous Hawk at Laurens in Pocahontas County, IA on October 25 and 26, 1984. Includes a record review document with votes, an article from Iowa Bird Life, and two documentation forms submitted to the committee.	Carlson, Judith	Ferruginous Hawk	Laurens	2 miles East Laurens, IA on Hiway [sic] 10	Road Ditch Fench [sic] Line & Large Farm Grove	The documentation form by Judith Carlson is the earliest and the one that forms the basis of this record. Other documentation forms by Ronald Harms were submitted later. Other observers include Helen Carlson. \| Elimination of similar species: Red Tail are darker and stockier in appearance. Osprey - smaller, darker on back and eye stripe wider, lower & longer. Rough Legged darker all over on front. \| The original documentation form event lasted from 17:45:00/18:15:00 and 10:30:00/11:25:00 on October 26, 1984.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	9	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting of Ferruginous Hawk east of Shenandoah, 1983	Administrative records Clippings (information artifacts) Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1983-10-26	1993-09-01	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review of a Ferruginous Hawk east of Shenandoah in Page County, IA on October 26, 1983. Includes a record review document with votes, an article in Iowa Bird Life, a summary of the review, and a documentation form submitted to the committee.	Braley, Jean B.	Ferruginous Hawk	Shenandoah	E. of Shenandoah on Highway #2		The documentation form by Jean Braley is the earliest and the one that forms the basis of this record. Other observers include Francis Braley.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	9	1
Records Committee review for rare bird sighting of Wood Stork at Washta, 1985	Administrative records Field notes	Bird watching Ornithology Ornithology--Societies, etc	1985-10-11	1994-10-18	Rare birds documentation form	Records Committee review of a Wood Stork near Washta in Cherokee County, IA on October 11, 1985. Includes a record review document with votes and a documentation form submitted to the committee.	Brewer, Marion M.	Wood Stork	Washta	4 miles S of Washta	River bottom	The documentation form by Marion M. Brewer is the only one submitted and forms the basis of this record. \| Elimination of similar species: snow goose. black secondarys [sic] \| The original documentation form event occurred in the mid afternoon.	Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	8	1
Birds in Iowa	Administrative records	Birds--Identification Birds--Research Ornithology--Methodology Ornithology--Societies, etc Rare birds	1996-01-01	1996-12-31	Manuscript, graphic, and printed material	Birds in Iowa describes the history of the state list of accepted rare birds species. Also included is the "Official checklist of Iowa birds" with 397 rare bird species sighted in Iowa through 1995.	Dinsmore, James J. Kent, Thomas H. (Thomas Hugh), 1934- Iowa Ornithologists' Union		Iowa				Iowa Ornithologists' Union \| MS 166	7	1